Understanding Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI): A Guide for Educators and Parents

Educators and Parents: Did you know that vision loss can occur with healthy eyes? 

Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI), also known as Cerebral or Neurological Visual Impairment, is a brain disorder affecting the visual cortex. Unlike traditional vision impairments caused by problems with the eyes, CVI is rooted in the brain’s processing of visual information. This condition primarily affects infants and children, leading to total or partial vision loss. Remarkably, with appropriate interventions, some individuals may recover a portion of their vision over time. 

The Prevalence and Causes of CVI 

According to the Pediatric Cortical Visual Impairment Society (PCVIS), CVI is now the leading cause of vision loss in children. Statistics reveal that more than one-third of children with vision loss are diagnosed with CVI, and over 10% of children with developmental disabilities also have CVI. The primary cause of CVI is typically a brain injury around birth. However, infections, fluid in the brain, and certain genetic disorders are also contributing factors. 

Characteristics and Diagnosis of CVI 

PCVIS outlines “10 characteristics of visual behavior” using the CVI Range©, which measures various parts of the brain that process visual input. Key characteristics include: 

• Attraction to bright or contrasting colors 

• Difficulty focusing on objects with complex patterns 

• Leaning in close as if extremely near-sighted 

• Difficulty visualizing the human face and making eye contact 

  
  

Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective intervention. Since CVI involves the brain rather than the eye, leveraging the brain’s neuroplasticity can significantly improve a child’s functional vision. Neuroplasticity—the brain’s ability to change—means that with proper rehabilitation, a child’s vision can improve over time. 

Diagnosis typically occurs after a comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist or neurologist when the child is at least six months old. The National Eye Institute recommends a dilated eye exam, where drops are applied to widen the pupil, allowing the doctor to examine the eye thoroughly. If no eye problems are detected, further tests, such as brain scans (MRI or electrodes), are conducted to evaluate brain function. 

Supporting Children with CVI 

Parents and teachers play a vital role in raising awareness of CVI through knowledge and communication. Signs to watch for include difficulty recognizing familiar faces, inability to see objects in crowded spaces, or using only part of their vision. Children with other brain disorders, such as cerebral palsy or epilepsy, may require multi-disciplinary treatment techniques. Nevertheless, with steady and gradual therapy, most children achieve visual improvement. 

Our Commitment at Conklin Davis Center 

At Conklin Davis Center for the Blind and Visually Impaired, we are dedicated to transforming lives and communities, helping blind and visually impaired individuals achieve personal success. Whether a child or student in your care is struggling with CVI, our mission is to provide comprehensive services that nurture hope, create opportunities, and promote independence. 

For more information, please call Conklin Davis Center at (386) 258-3441. Our team is ready to discuss the challenges of visual impairment and identify the best solutions for you.